第三篇 ThE WorkEr’s RolE in MAnAgEmEnt
TrADitionAlly,it hAs BEEn thE workEr's rolE to workEr AnD mAnAgEmEnt's rolE to mAnAgE． &nBsp;MAnAgErs hAvE plAnnED AnD DirECtED thE Firm's opErAtion with littlE thought Consulting thE lABor ForCE． &nBsp;MAnAgErs hAvE rArEly FElt CompEllED to oBtAin thE workEr's opinions or to ExplAin thEir DECisions to thEir EmployEEs． &nBsp;At most,CompAniEs hAvE proviDED "suggEstion BoxEs" in whiCh workErs CoulD plACE iDEAs For improving proCEDurEs． &nBsp;In rECEnt yEArs, howEvEr, mAny mAnAgE mEnt spECiAlists hAvE BEEn Arguing thAt workErs ArE morE thAn sEllErs oF lABor-thEy hAvEA vitAl stAkE in thE CompAny AnD mAny BE ABlE to mAkE signiFiCAnt ContriButions to its mAnAgEmEnt． &nBsp;FurthErmorE, mAjor CompAny DECisions proFounDly AFFECt workErs AnD thEir DEpEnDEnts． &nBsp;This is pArtiCulArly truE oF plAnt Closings,whiCh mAy put thousAnDs on thE unEmploymEnt linEs． &nBsp;ShoulD workErs, thEn, plAy A strongEr rolE in mAnAgEmEnt?
WorkErs shoulD hAvE A rolE in mAnAgEmEnt． &nBsp;At thE vEry lEAst, thE lABor ForCE shoulD BE inFormED oF mAjor poliCy DECisions． &nBsp;(A Common ComplAint Among rAnk-AnD FilE workErs is thE lACk oF inFormAtion ABout CompAny poliCiEs AnD ACtions． &nBsp;) BEtwEEn 1980 AnD 1985 ABout FivE million workErs wErE thE viCtims oF plAnt Closings AnD pErmAnEnt lAyoFFs, oFtEn with no wArning． &nBsp; At lEAst 90 DAys’ notiCE ought to BE givEn in suCh instAnCEs so thAt workErs hAvE timE to ADjust． &nBsp;MAnAgEmEnt shoulD Consult workErs BEForE Closing A plAnt, BECAusE thE workErs might BE ABlE to suggEst wAys oF improving proDuCtivity AnD rEDuCing Costs AnD might BE willingto mAkE ConCEssions thAt will kEEp thE plAnt opErAting． &nBsp;
It shoulD BEComE A gEnErAl prACtiCE to inCluDE workErs in somE mAnAgEriAl DECisionmAking． &nBsp;ThErE ought to BE rEprEsEntAtivEs oF thE workErs on thE Firm's BoArD oF DirECtors or othEr mAjor poliCymAking groups． &nBsp;IF rAnk-AnD-FilE workErs A rE givEn A voiCE in thE plAnning AnD mAnAgEmEnt oF thE work Flow, thEy will hElp to mAkE improvEmEnt, thEir morAlE will risE, AnD thEir proDuCtivity will inCrEAsE． &nBsp;As A FurthEr inCEntivE, thEy must BE givEn A shArE in thE CompAny's proFits． &nBsp;This CAn BE DonE through EmployEE stoCk ownErship plAns, BonusEs, or rEwArDs For EFFiCiEnCy AnD proDuCtivity． &nBsp;FinAlly, whEn A plAnt CAn no longEr opErAtE At A proFit, thE workErs shoulD BE givEn thE opportunity to purChAsE thE plAnt AnD run it thEmsElvEs． &nBsp;
（来自于2014职称英语教材综合类B级阅读判断第十篇）
41． &nBsp;It CAn BE inFErrED From thE pAssAgE 1 thAt mAnAgErs
A． &nBsp;wErE not quAliFiED
B． &nBsp;DislikED “suggEstion BoxEs”
C． &nBsp;sElDom oBtAinED workEr’s opinions
D． &nBsp;nEvEr ConsultED thE lABor ForCE
42． &nBsp;In rECEnt yEArs, mAny mAnAgEmEnt spECiAlists hAvE BEEn Arguing thAt workErs
A． &nBsp;ArE no longEr sEllErs oF thE proDuCts
B． &nBsp;ArE lEss AFFECtED By CompAny DECisions thAn BEForE
C． &nBsp;ArE ABlE to mAkE FinAl DECisions For thE CompAny
D． &nBsp;shoulD hAvE A wAy in mAnAgEmEnt oF thE CompAny
43． &nBsp;ThE worD “rAnk AnD FilE” pArAgrAph 2 is ClosEst in mEAning to
A． &nBsp;orDinAry
B． &nBsp;sEnior
C． &nBsp;intElligEnt
D． &nBsp;CApABlE
44． &nBsp;ACCorDing to thE pAssAgE, whAt hAppEnED BEtwEEn 1980 AnD 1985?
A． &nBsp;MAnAgErs ConsultED workErs BEForE Closing A plAnt． &nBsp;
B． &nBsp;WorkErs DiD not mAkE nECEssAry ConCEssions
C． &nBsp;ABout FivE million workErs wErE lAiD oFF without ADvAnCE notiCE． &nBsp;
D． &nBsp;MAny CompAniEs wErE ClosED BECAusE oF strikEs． &nBsp;
45． &nBsp;IF not givEn A voiCE in mAnAgEriAl DECision mAking workErs
A． &nBsp;CAnnot gEt A shArE in thE CompAny’s proFits
B． &nBsp;CAn still gEt BonusEs For EFFiCiEnCy AnD proDuCtivity
C． &nBsp;mAy lACk thE inCEntivE to inCrEAsE thEir proDuCtivity
D． &nBsp;will not hAvE thE opportunity to purChAsE thE plAnt． &nBsp;